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(NdModeL) 4 J. M. ROSE.

I BLANK BOOK. 3 No. 384,933. Patented Julie 19, 1888.

ET R5. Pho zr'filhogwhur, Wnhingion, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES M. ROSE, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

BLANK-BOOK.

"SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 384,933, dated June 19, 1888 Application filed November 11, 1886.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES M. RosE, acitizen of the United States of America, residing at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Blank-Books; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. reference being hadtothe accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of bookbinding in which what has been called a guardleaf is interposed between the folded edge of asection of the book and the back of said book.

The object of the invention is to produce a blank or other book in which the leaves may be opened wide without straining the binding; and to this end theinvention consists, mainly, in abook in which the binding-stitches are U carried fromthe respective leaf-sections through the corresponding guard-leaves to the backing. It consists, further, in the combination, with such a book, of keeper-cords to support the guard-leaves; and it consists, further, in the combination, with the book and keeper-cords, of flexible stay-strips secured to the guards and leaf-sections at their meeting points.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 illustrates my improved binding in end elevation. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the book ready for attachment to its binding. Figs. 3 and 4. are plans illustrating different methods of stitching. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section taken through a section of the book and its guard, and illustrating the method of stitching shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing a stay-strip at the junction of the book'section and guard. Fig. 7 is a section showing the guard-leaves gradually increased in width toward the center of the book.

In practicing my invention the sections A of the book are folded in the usual manner, and the stitching-cord B of each of said sections is carried through the fold of the section and thence through the flat guard -leaf O to Serial No. 218,6l4. (No model.)

the backing strip or cords D. As shown in the drawings, the stitching of the book may be identical with that ordinarily. practiced, the only difference being that, instead of carrying the stitching-cord B directly from the sections A to and around the backing strips or cords D, said stitching-cords are in this instance carried through the interposed guardleaves, as shown. In order to prevent these guard-leaves C from spreading too far apart on opening the book, I pass two or more keepercords, E, through the assembled guard-leaves,

securing the outer ends, of these keeper-cords This relieves the book-back from of the book will lie flat when open, even though the guard-leaves correspond in width. I also contemplate, in constructing books which are frequently referred to--such as court-dockets and the li k e-strengthcning the joints between the sections Aand the guard-leaves O by securing a stay strip or strips, F, of muslin or other flexible material, to the exterior of said guard-leaves and sections. I donot, however, claim these features broadly, but only in combination with the guards and the leaf-sections secured by stitching carried through the centers'of the corresponding guards.

It will be understood, of course, that I do not confine myself strictly to a stitched book, as I regard a book in which the leaf-sections are secured to the guards and backing-strips by wiring, in the well known manner, an

'equivalentstructu re, and intend that the claims herein shall cover modifications so apparent.

Any of theknown guard-leaves may be used in constructing books in accordance with my invention but I prefer to use aguard specially prepared by me, the same consisting of a web of paper rolled into a tube of as many plies as there are sheets to a section of a book, then flattened, as shown. For instance, we will suppose that each of the sections of a book comprises six sheets of paper, making twelve leaves. I take a sheet ofthe same paper and roll it into a small tube having six layers or plies of paper, then flatten the tube in a suitable press, thus forming a guard-leaf of the same thickness as the book-sections.

I claim 1. The combination, in a book, of a signature and a guard united by means of stitching carried through the middle of the signature and through the guard from its outer to its inner edge, substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

2. A book comprising the leaf-sections, a backing, guard-leavesinterposed between each section and the backing, and the binding stitches carried from the center of the respective sections through the corresponding guardleaves to the backing, substantially as described.

8. A book embodying leatseetions, a backing, and guard-leaves, through the center of which a stitching-cord is carried from the respective sections to the backing, and keepercords to support theguarddeaves transversely, substantially as described.

4. A book comprising leaf-sections, a backing, guard-leaves interposed between each section and the backing, and binding stitches carried from the center of the respective sections through the corresponding guards to the backing, in combination with flexible stay strips secured to the guards and sections at their meeting point, substantially as described. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES M. ROSE.

VJitnesses: v

A. E. MoCHnsNEY, XV. J. PHILLIPS. 

